Configuration: does Phoenix support "system tuples" like {:system "ENV_VAR"}?

Not exactly sure what what you mean by “system tuples”

I put an example in the title, e.g. : {:system, "PORT}. And system tuples are mentioned both in questions/answers on this forum, e.g.

and in articles on configuring phoenix/mix projects, e.g.:

but in what way does System.get_env/2 fall short?

It retrieves the environment variables from the system on which the project is compiled–not from the system on which the project is run?