Yup, websocket connection are just upgraded HTTP connections!
Protocol upgrade mechanism
The HTTP/1.1 protocol provides a special mechanism that can be used to upgrade an already established connection to a different protocol, using the
Upgrade
header field.This mechanism is optional… and in practice, this mechanism is used mostly to bootstrap a WebSockets connection.
source: Protocol upgrade mechanism - HTTP | MDN
And with LiveView, the handoff between the two is configured and can be customized as described here.