That’s totally fine; some people learn more effectively by having other people show them the ropes in-person, or from doing exercises, etc. You might want to check out the Elixir track at Exercism. Perhaps that will be a learning approach with which you would be more comfortable.
Also, if you live in a large city in Germany, chances are that there might be an Elixir user group in your city. Perhaps you could join a meetup and learn from other people there 
Okay, thanks for pointing this out.
So if i write a server application for maybe “time tracking” in elixir, i could write the GUI in Clojure/“AnyOtherLanguage capable building UIs”?
Note: No web application. A “normal” desktop app.
By the way, here another tip that might be useful for you to find resources:
This forum has pretty good search capabilities. If you search for “learning functional programming” (for exmaple) you will find many similar threads from other learners, where other members of the community have suggested different approaches, books, videos, courses, etc.
I nearly started learning programing with elixir. I just had some basic ruby background. Structure of language elixir is great for first language. Because everything is clear in elixir. But most of elixir community experienced developers, good at min 3 programing language. That makes libraries and tutorials not suitable for beginners. Elixir is like a katana more than swiss army knive. After elixir i realised how deep is programing. So if you want just get things done elixir can be overkill. But if you really want to dive programing elixir is perfect for you.
For a beginner good course.
If you are new to programming you should definitely check out:
I haven’t read it yet but have read other books from Ryan and he’s a great author 
After that I would be inclined to recommend what I have done myself to date:
While Elixir is use a lot for web applications the Erlang/OTP system on which it is based is used for many different types of systems by for example Ericsson, WhatsApp, Cisco, Adroll, … So there is nothing limiting Elixir to web applications.
You can build GUI’s in both ruby and python, and python has kivy, which can be used for programming iOS and Android.
Thanks for all the answers, i really appreciate it.
Good to know, that i can just use nearly any langage for the GUI.