Fl4m3Ph03n1x
Background
I am playing around with defguard in macro I am defining. The macro has an opaque type and I think dialyzer is having issues with this:
macro:
defmodule NewType do
defmacro deftype(name, type) do
quote do
defmodule unquote(name) do
@opaque t :: {unquote(name), unquote(type)}
@spec new(value :: unquote(type)) :: t
def new(value) when is_binary(value), do: {unquote(name), value}
@spec extract(new_type :: t) :: unquote(type)
def extract({unquote(name), value}), do: value
end
end
end
defguard is_type?(value, mod)
when is_tuple(value) and
elem(value, 0) == mod and is_binary(elem(value, 1))
end
In theory, an invocation of deftype Name, String.t() would generate:
defmodule Name do
@opaque t :: {Name, String.t}
@spec new(value :: String.t()) :: t
def new(value) when is_binary(value), do: {Name, value}
@spec extract(new_type :: t) :: String.t()
def extract({Name, value}), do: value
end
And in fact, this code works as intended:
type.ex (module where I define several types)
defmodule Type do
import NewType
deftype Name, String.t()
end
test.ex
defmodule Test do
alias Type.Name
@spec print(Name.t()) :: binary
def print(name), do: Name.extract(name)
end
Problem
The problem arises when I try to use the guard:
test.ex
defmodule Test do
import NewType
alias Type.Name
@spec print(Name.t()) :: binary
def print(name) when is_type?(name, Name), do: Name.extract(name)
end
Everything runs as expected, but dialyzer does not see it the same way:
lib/test.ex:6:no_return
Function print/1 has no local return.
________________________________________________________________________________
lib/test.ex:6:call_without_opaque
Function call without opaqueness type mismatch.
Call does not have expected opaque term of type Type.Name.t() in the 1st position.
Type.Name.extract(_name :: tuple())
________________________________________________________________________________
done (warnings were emitted)
Halting VM with exit status 2
Even though Name.extract does receive a Name.t as a parameter, dialyzer states otherwise.
At this point, I think this might be because I am “exposing” the internal data structure in the guard with is_tuple, but at the same time, I don’t see how else I can have defguard and still use opaque types.
Question
Am I missing something?
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NobbZ
Dialyzer ignores the spec of
Test.print/1, when it has other ways to infer the type of the argument. Due to the use of theis_type?/1guard, dialyzer infers that the type has to betuple().tuple()is notName.t().If you deal with opaque types, you can not manually create them, you can not destructure them, you can not use them in guards. You have to pass them around as they are. Only functions in
Nameare allowed to access its internals.