vrod
this is a question of the computer science. Is Elixir map a hash table? Or is it a keyword list having unique keys? I ask this because of the shape of Enum functions looking the same… for example fn {key, value} -> ... end looks same for maps and keyword lists
How is map stored in memory? Is getting a key O(1) operation in Elixir map? Is getting a key O(n) operation in Elixir list?
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LostKobrakai
Maps are stored either as hash map or as tuple (when small enough). Keyword lists are normal linked lists with
{atom, term}for all items.Enumfunctions work with any value implementingEnumerable.t. Datatype specific functions are inMap,KeywordorList.vrod
Thank you!
Qqwy
If you want to take a deep-dive in how maps are implemented internally, I recommend the blog article Breaking Erlang Maps by @jlouis. Small maps are stored as a ‘flatmap’: a sorted array of keys + their values. Big maps are stored as a ‘hash-array mapped trie’, which allows them to be persistent data structures (in a snippet like
x = %{a: 1, b: 2, c: 3}; y = Map.put(x, :b, 4)we do not have to copy the fields ofxto constructybut can re-use all unchanged fields ofxdirectly).