• You have tuples, a fixed size array of elements.
• You can access them by a random index.
• There is no syntax to access a random index of a tuple
• Pattern matching requires you to know the length of the tuple up-front

I think it makes sense to have such a function be part of the standard library. The reasoning is quite simple: if you provide a builtin data structure, it makes sense to provide an API to read and write to it.

Wether or not it’s idiomatic to access a random element of a tuple is a whole different topic.

Agreed, but it has to be noted that then – which solves the problem of not breaking pipelines – was only added in Elixir 1.12.

Use then.

Everyone is always free to go off topic in any thread I create

It’s main use is accessing a tuple value using an index, which works no matter the size of tuple and in context, where pattern matching is not an option. Just like there’s :erlang.map_get for maps, because pattern matching is not enough.

There’s places in OTP, where you might get differently sized tuples, where leading parts of them contain the same data. You can use elem/2 to select the common fields without needing to know which specific tuple you got if the differenciation doesn’t matter for the code. It also means your code doesn’t break if OTP decides to add another version of tuple with yet another additional datapoint added to the end.

If flag timestamp, strict_monotonic_timestamp, or monotonic_timestamp is specified, the first tuple element is trace_ts instead, and the time stamp is added as an extra element last in the message tuple.

Usually one would likely use maps for such a usecase, but sticking to tuples for performance sensitive calls like around tracing is also a good idea.

Also e.g. elixir’s record handling code wouldn’t be a lot more complex macro magic without having such functionality. Technically it doesn’t use Kernel.elem/2, but it optimizes by calling :erlang.element/2 directly, which is also what Kernel.elem/2 is using.

Short short version: elem/2 exists because typing :erlang.element is too many characters.

Record also provides some examples of places where elem (or it’s Erlang equivalent) are useful, for instance is_record?:

https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/blob/47abe2d107e654ccede845356773bcf6e11ef7cb/lib/elixir/lib/record.ex#L136-L138

My interpretation of the release notes about setelement optimizations is that sequences like this one (also from Record) may get a boost from the compiler and/or JIT:

https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/blob/47abe2d107e654ccede845356773bcf6e11ef7cb/lib/elixir/lib/record.ex#L472-L478

Since the intermediate tuples don’t escape the function, the reduce could do all the mutation in-place.