tomazbracic

tomazbracic

:ssh … killing me softly and slowly :slightly_smiling_face:

Does anybody have a working example for using :ssh to do a (public/private) key based ssh reverse tunnel?

Having problems with :ssh and private key. Wasn’t able to connect. Various strange errors, but probably all due to my misconfigured setup. Didn’t find one yet, that I would be able to connect with private key.

Then I tried SSHex, but wan’t able to create a reverse tunnel on connect. I read somewhere that this is not supported.

Then i read about Librarian, with which I was actually able to at least connect, but then unable to create a reverse tunnel.

I need to do a reverse tunnel on initial connect.

If anybody has a working setup for :ssh I would really appreciate it.

Kind regards,
Tomaz

Showing Posts 1 to 5

Kevo

Kevo

I have very little low level understanding of ssh, but looking at the docs, I don’t think it’s supported. Hopefully I’m missing something and incorrect, but you can investigate the specifics further here:

ausimian

ausimian

Can you post the code you used against :ssh? I’ve used this reverse tunnel facility in the past although I don’t have the sample to hand.

tomazbracic

tomazbracic OP

Hi,

having issues that I don’t know how to setup a “call” to do a reverse tunnel.

I know how to do this in linux →

ssh -i /home/tomaz/.ssh/nemo/nemo_ssh_key -nN -R 2222:localhost:22 nemouser@192.168.6.130

This is a reverse tunnel from my Nerves device to the sshproxy VM in the cloud. The only thing on that VM is a change in sshd_config to allow other ports as well.
Then on my laptop I can do this

ssh -i tomaz-id_rsa tomaz@192.168.6.130 -p 2222

And land on my gateway device via SSH proxy from the 3rd machine.

BUUUT, trying this with :ssh is like this. Don’t really know how to pass all this command parts ssh -i /home/tomaz/.ssh/nemo/nemo_ssh_key -nN -R 2222:localhost:22 nemouser@192.168.6.130 to a :ssh.connect. Right now I am really stuck here.

iex(21)> :ok = :ssh.start()
:ok
iex(22)> userdir = ~c"/root/nerves_ssh"
~c"/root/nerves_ssh"
iex(23)> keycb = {:ssh_file, [identity: ~c"nemo_ssh_key"]}
{:ssh_file, [identity: ~c"nemo_ssh_key"]}
iex(24)> userdir = ~c"/root/nerves_ssh"
~c"/root/nerves_ssh"
iex(25)> ssh_option = [{:user, user}, {:user_interaction, false}, {:user_dir, userdir}, {:key_cb, keycb}]
[
  user: ~c"nemouser",
  user_interaction: false,
  user_dir: ~c"/root/nerves_ssh",
  key_cb: {:ssh_file, [identity: ~c"nemo_ssh_key"]}
]
iex(26)> :ssh.connect(String.to_charlist("192.168.6.130"), 22, ssh_option)

LostKobrakai

LostKobrakai

Take a look at ssh — OTP 29.0.2 (ssh 6.0.1). SSH in erlang is not wrapping openssh, but is a pure erlang implemenation. Hence you cannot easily translate openssh cli parameters to erlang, you need to translate to how those same features are implemented on erlangs ssh module.

tomazbracic

tomazbracic OP

Thank you @LostKobrakai !!

I solved this togetherwith my coleage @uhrovat

In order to have this as refence I will try to write this in a way that I wish would have this before.

So the usecase is this. I have a Nerves based devices out in the field, connected over closed LTE network. So I can’t really reach devices from my cloud base service or directly from my dev laptop. Though majority of features is supported/implemented with the use of MQTT calls between device and cloud, there is still a great feeling being able to jump on a device and do some system checks or maintenance. In my case latter as I will be dealing with custom data handling and processin solution.

OPENSSH way (tested without nerves on clasic linux box)

1.) I crated ssh reverse tunnel with this on boxA (like gateway on picture)

ssh -i /home/tomaz/.ssh/nemo/user_ssh_key -nN -R 2222:localhost:22 Auser@192.168.x.130

user_ssh_key is a key on a proxy server, and Auser is a user on sshproxy server

2.) On ssh proxy I only added

3.) On my laptop I did

ssh -i gateway-id_rsa tomaz@192.168.x.130 -p 2222

gateway-id_rsa is a key that resolves against the PKI on gateway, and tomaz is a user on gateway.

With this in place I gain access to the “TERMINAL” shell on my boxA - which kind of simulates a real nerves gateway on picture. I do think this is really importnat for later.

:SSH (Erlang way). - still without real Nerves gateway.

I’ve created a reverse tunnel on linux VM box (not actual Nerves gateway)

:ssh library expects file to be one of -> id_rsa, id_dsa or id_ecdsa. ssh — OTP 29.0.2 (ssh 6.0.1)

I actually had to rename my key to be id_rsa and not some random name even though I tried to point to it

:ok = :ssh.start()

user = ~c"Auser"
userdir = ~c"/home/tomaz/.ssh/nemo"
ssh_option = [{:user, user}, {:silently_accept_hosts, true}, {:user_interaction, false}, {:user_dir, userdir}]

{:ok, conn} = :ssh.connect(String.to_charlist("192.168.x.130"), 22, ssh_option)

:ssh.tcpip_tunnel_from_server(conn, String.to_charlist("192.168.6.130"), 3333, String.to_charlist("localhost"), 22)

And this setup did establish the ssh reverse proxy. I logged everything in /var/log/auth on a sshproxy.

Then on my laptop I did

ssh -i Auser Auser@192.168.x.130 -p 3333

And with that I got access to linux shell (terminal) on the “gateway” linux VM box.

SSH (Erlang way) - NOW ON NERVES DEVICE

Similar approach as previous example but now on actual device.

iex(13)> :ssh.tcpip_tunnel_from_server(conn, String.to_charlist("mydomain"), 3333, String.to_charlist("localhost"), 22)
{:ok, 3334}
iex(14)>

Then from my dev laptop

ssh -i /Users/tomaz/.ssh/nemo/tomaz-id_rsa nerves@192.168.x.130 -p 3333

private key has a public key on a gateway. User is for gateway, and IP is for sshproxy server.

And what I get is wooohooo!!!

Warning: Permanently added '[192.168.x.130]:3333' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
Interactive Elixir (1.17.3) - press Ctrl+C to exit (type h() ENTER for help)
████▄▄    ▐███
█▌  ▀▀██▄▄  ▐█
█▌  ▄▄  ▀▀  ▐█   N  E  R  V  E  S
█▌  ▀▀██▄▄  ▐█
███▌    ▀▀████
nemo 0.26.0 (0626c4d3-89d7-5e8d-0584-d8f685366269) arm rpi4
  Serial       : 1000000094278b35
  Uptime       : 2 hours, 44 minutes and 16 seconds
  Clock        : 2024-11-15 12:16:21 UTC
  Temperature  : 29.7°C

  Firmware     : Valid (B)               Applications : 62 started (nemo not started)
  Memory usage : 163 MB (4%)             Part usage   : 493 MB (2%)
  Hostname     : nerves-8b35             Load average : 0.00 0.00 0.00

  eth0         : 192.168.x.163/24, fe80::da3a:ddff:feab:daf2/64

Nerves CLI help: https://hexdocs.pm/nerves/iex-with-nerves.html

Toolshed imported. Run h(Toolshed) for more info.
iex(1)>

currently my gateway is connected with ethernet cable, since my LTE doesn’t have a signal here.

Huge thumbs up to @uhrovat for joining efforts.

Hope this post helps others in the future.

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