tcoopman

tcoopman

Run a shell command with a pipe operator

I’m trying to run a shell command with a pipe operator in it. For example “sleep 0.1 | echo foo”. At first I tried to do this with System.cmd:

System.cmd("sleep", ["0.1", "|", "echo", "foo"])

But this results in /usr/bin/sleep: invalid time interval '|', invalid time interval 'echo'....

So next I tried to use :os.cmd:

:os.cmd("sleep 0.1 | echo foo")

But whatever I do to execute this I get:

:os.cmd("sleep 0.1 | echo foo")
** (FunctionClauseError) no function clause matching in :os.validate/1    
    
    The following arguments were given to :os.validate/1:
    
        # 1
        "sleep 0.1 | echo foo"
    
    (kernel) os.erl:281: :os.validate/1
    (kernel) os.erl:237: :os.cmd/1

Looking into the code of :os (https://github.com/erlang/otp/blob/master/lib/kernel/src/os.erl) is see that :os.validate expects atoms? But in the erlang docs there are no atoms used (http://erlang.org/doc/man/os.html)

Marked As Solved

tcoopman

tcoopman

I’ve just been able to solve my own problem.
If I do: os.cmd(:"sleep 0.1 | echo foo") it works.

So I need to pass an atom to os.cmd.

Also Liked

alco

alco

I made a mistake in the invocation. To evaluate a string in sh, the -c has to be passed first:

System.cmd("sh", ["-c", "sleep 0.1"])
idi527

idi527

Or :os.cmd('sleep 0.1 | echo foo').

iex(1)> :os.cmd('sleep 0.1 | echo foo')
'foo\n'

It works with atoms and character lists. Doesn’t seem to work with binaries.

I would try to avoid creating new atoms for each command you might want to run since they are not garbage collected.

benwilson512

benwilson512

Author of Craft GraphQL APIs in Elixir with Absinthe

System.cmd does not run a shell, so pipes, redirects, and so on aren’t supported. System.cmd is basically the closest thing that Elixir has to fork.

:os.cmd is definitely handy, but take great care if any of the stuff in your command comes from users (like filenames). You risk letting users run arbitrary programs.

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